THE CLASSIFICATION OF HADITH ACCORDING TO THE SCHOLARS OF THE MADHHABS AND THE MUHADDITHUN
Keywords:
Companion (Sahabi), Tabiʿun, Tabaʿ al-Tabiʿin, Mutawatir, Ahad, narrator (rawi), madhhab, jurist (faqih), accepted (maqbul), rejected (mardud), sahih, hasan, muttasil, shadhdh, daʿif.Abstract
This article explores how scholars of the Islamic legal schools (madhhabs)
and the muhaddithun classified hadith, analyzing the conceptual foundations and criteria
that underpinned their respective systems of classification. It examines key categories
such as mutawatir and ahad reports, as well as the gradations of authenticity sahih,
hasan, and daʿif highlighting the methodological nuances in their evaluation. The study
further investigates the distinctive approaches adopted by jurists (fuqahaʾ) and hadith
specialists in utilizing hadith as a source of legal and doctrinal authority, with particular
attention to the acceptance of solitary reports, the role of contextual indicators (qaraʾin),
and the reconciliation of apparently conflicting narrations. By offering a comparative
analysis, the article demonstrates both the areas of convergence and divergence between
these scholarly traditions, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding
of hadith epistemology and its application in Islamic legal theory.
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